Nana is a novel by the French naturalist author Émile Zola. Completed in 1880, Nana is the ninth installment in the 20-volume Les Rougon-Macquart series. Nana kuin muidenkin Zolan kirjojen katsotaan olevan malliesimerkki naturalisistisesta tyylisuuntauksesta. More than half of Zola's novels were part of the twenty-volume Les Rougon-Macquart cycle, which details the history of a single family under the reign of Napoléon III. Unlike Balzac, who in the midst of his literary career resynthesized his work into La Comédie Humaine, Zola from the start, at the age of 28, had thought of the complete layout of the series. [ citation needed] Set in France's Second Empire, in the context of Baron Haussmann's changing Paris, the series traces the environmental and hereditary influences of violence, alcohol, and prostitution which became more prevalent during the second wave of the Industrial Revolution. The series examines two branches of the family—the respectable (that is, legitimate) Rougons and the disreputable (illegitimate) Macquarts—over five generations. Zola died on 29 September 1902 of carbon monoxide poisoning caused by an improperly ventilated chimney. [35] His funeral on 5 October was attended by thousands. Alfred Dreyfus initially had promised not to attend the funeral, but was given permission by Zola's widow and attended. [36] [37] At the time of his death Zola had just completed a novel, Vérité, about the Dreyfus trial. A sequel, Justice, had been planned, but was not completed.

hogy elolvastam, mert a Nana rengeteg későbbi alkotásnak, könyvnek és filmnek is az alapja.emiatt alapmű, ami eddig hiányzott az olvasmánylistámból. Literary gossip". The Week: A Canadian Journal of Politics, Literature, Science and Arts. 1 (4): 61. 27 December 1883 . Retrieved 23 April 2013. At first the audience laughs until a young boy, Georges Hugon, cries out, "She's wonderful." From then until the end of the play, Nana is in control of the audience, especially during the final act when she appears on the stage virtually naked.Garnett, A. F. (1 January 2005). Steel Wheels: The Evolution of the Railways and how They Stimulated and Excited Engineers, Architects, Artists, Writers, Musicians and Travellers. Cannwood. ISBN 9780955025709. Zola". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5thed.). HarperCollins . Retrieved 22 August 2019. The bargain she makes with Muffat indicates how sophisticated Nana has become. She will become Muffat's mistress and will allow him definite privileges, but in return, he must abide by certain rules and come only at specified times. This bargain is reminiscent of "proviso scenes" in Restoration dramas where characters made stipulations before accepting each other. But by this time, it should be obvious to both the reader and Count Muffat that Nana will be unable to keep her part of the bargain. She is incapable of being faithful to any man. Consequently, she is in the house only a short time before she allows Count Vandeuvres to become her lover also. Her justification is that she wants to prove to herself that she is entirely free. She was the golden beast, an unconscious force, the very scent of her could bring the world to ruin.' François Zola was an influential French novelist, the most important example of the literary school of naturalism, and a major figure in the political liberalization of France.

Although Zola and Cézanne were friends from childhood, they broke in later life over Zola's fictionalized depiction of Cézanne and the Bohemian life of painters in his novel L'Œuvre ( The Masterpiece, 1886). a b c Berg, William J. (24 September 2020). "Émile Zola | French author". Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 9 November 2020.Born to drunken parents in the slums of Paris, Nana lives in squalor until she is discovered at the Théâtre des Variétés. She soon rises from the streets to set the city alight as the most famous high-class prostitute of her day. Rich men, Comtes and Marquises fall at her feet, great ladies try to emulate her appearance, lovers even kill themselves for her. Nana's hedonistic appetite for luxury and decadent pleasures knows no bounds - until, eventually, it consumes her. Nana provoked outrage on its publication in 1880, with its heroine damned as 'the most crude and bestial sort of whore', yes the language of the novel makes Nana almost a mythical figure: a destructive force preying on a corrupt society. Read more Details

Csatlakozom a többséghez a négy csillagommal, noha elviekben ennél kevesebbet adnék. De egyrészről olyan időszakban – nagy sietve „kényszerítve” – olvastam, amikor szívem szerint nem olvastam volna ilyen nagyobb lélegzetű, klasszikust, másrészt elég sokszor untam a történetet (ráadásként a szereplők se igazán fogják meg az embert). While attending the Italian Theater one evening, Fontan is charmed by a new actress in the troupe. Nana ridicules the actress and that night a quarrel ensues. After Nana complains about some cake crumbs in the bed and tries for the second time to get out, Fontan slaps her so hard that she feels dazed. At first Nana resents this brutality, but after a few minutes, she even respects him for treating her in such a manner. The following week, at a party given by the Count Muffat, the discussion between the men concerns a party that Nana is giving after her performance. She has told Fauchery to invite the count to the party, but most of the men think that he will not accept. At the party, more people come than Nana had expected; but the count does not come. At the end of the party, Nana decides it is time to look after her own interest and lets Steiner know that she will accept him as a lover. In 1862 Zola was naturalized as a French citizen. [13] In 1865, he met Éléonore-Alexandrine Meley, who called herself Gabrielle, a seamstress, who became his mistress. [11] They married on 31 May 1870. [14] Together they cared for Zola's mother. [12] She stayed with him all his life and was instrumental in promoting his work. The marriage remained childless. Alexandrine Zola had a child before she met Zola that she had given up, because she was unable to take care of it. When she confessed this to Zola after their marriage, they went looking for the girl, but she had died a short time after birth.Zolát sokan tartják a naturalizmus szellemi atyjának, ugyanakkor meg kell jegyezni, hogy az irányzatra – melynek jelentős képviselői többek között Paul Bourget, Guy de Maupassant és Władysław Reymont – nagy hatással volt Hippolyte Taine francia irodalomtörténész is. A naturalizmusra jellemző, hogy továbbviszi a realizmus szemléletét, és olyan korábban hétköznapinak vagy esetleg taszítónak vélt emberi tulajdonságokat is ábrázolni kíván, melyekre korábban nem terjedt ki a művészet látóköre. That night, Fontan writes a letter to Georges for Nana. He has always amused himself by writing Nana's love letters, but that night, Nana does not respond correctly to his efforts and another argument begins. Fontan demands to see how much money there is left in their joint account. When he discovers that it is less than seven thousand, he decides to keep it all. Nana reminds him that she put ten thousand into the undertaking, but Fontan only beats her severely as a rejoinder. From that day onward, he gives her only three francs a day with which to buy groceries. Then, after a while, he even forgets to give her this paltry amount. Consequently, when Nana meets Madame Tricon one day by accident, she begins to accept side visits from customers. By this device, she is able to buy good meals for Fontan, and as a result of degrading herself to support him, she begins to love him even more.