If the recommended dosage is observed, there are no concerns about the use of fluorides even for young children [ 11]. By using impacted wisdom teeth, it can be ensured that no alterations have occurred in the original enamel structure. It is available in over 30 countries including the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom, and Germany.

It has therefore been speculated that the significantly lower incidence of enamel caries after daily brushing with toothpaste containing HAP in vivo may be due to the abrasive loss of early caries lesions [ 29]. Since the data on Karex are insufficient to date, the aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether the HAP-containing toothpaste Karex is as effective as Elmex with 1,400ppm amine fluoride in promoting remineralization and preventing afresh demineralization.Close-Up: marketed by Unilever, [10] it was launched in 1967 and was the first gel toothpaste in the world. Promise: [29] launched by Balsara hygiene in 1978 in India, the brand's tagline was "The unique toothpaste with time-tested clove oil. Sozodont: [38] a popular brand of oral hygiene product from the mid-nineteenth century to the early twentieth century.

This was followed by embedding in acrylic (TransOptic Compression Mounting Compound; Buehler, Lake Bluff, USA). of enamel mineral regenerated** after just 3 days of use when used in conjunction with REGENERATE Enamel cience™ Boosting Serum. Thus, three enamel samples always belong to one wisdom tooth, which meant that three analysis surfaces per toothpaste could be compared. All authors have contributed significantly to this work and contributed to the paper in equal parts.

Consequently, compared to Ajona and Elmex, Karex protected highly significantly worse against a new acid attack after brushing ( p<0. The efficacy of Karex with regard to the remineralization of artificial acid-induced demineralization has only been investigated in one in vitro study [ 15].

Regular brushing with Ajona removes plaque, effectively protecting against tooth decay and gingivitis and preventing the development of bad breath. Ultra Brite: [41] an American toothpaste and tooth-whitener marketed by Colgate-Palmolive in the United States. large image: cross-section with surfaces S0—S4, small image: schematic view from occlusal with vertical cuts to obtain the SEM specimens. According to the manufacturer, Karex has the highest RDA value of the toothpastes tested here, at 60. Ich stimme der Speicherung und Nutzung meiner Daten laut Datenschutzerklärung zu und bin mit der Verarbeitung meiner Daten innerhalb der Dermatest GmbH für die Beantwortung meiner Kontakt- oder Informationsanfrage einverstanden.According to the manufacturer, Ajona is supposed to promote the remineralization of the enamel through a high content of calcium and phosphate ions and thus harden the tooth structure. If the RDA value had had an influence on “remineralization” in the test protocol selected here, Karex would therefore have to enable the best remineralization. Remineralization and protection from demineralization: effects of a hydroxyapatite-containing, a fluoride-containing and a fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste on human enamel in vitro.

Then, the samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and ImageJ image analysis software to determine the percentage of demineralization. In addition, fluoride application increases the abrasion resistance of enamel and protects teeth from erosive processes caused by acids from foods as well as beverages [ 6, 7, 8]. Corsodyl: Corsodyl, also known as Parodontax, is a fluoride-based toothpaste that is meant to cure and prevent gum bleeding and gingivitis.An in vitro study showed that nano-HAP enabled the remineralization of demineralized enamel, while no difference was observed between pure water and micro-HAP [ 26]. Similar to the enamel, calcium/phosphate precipitates are relatively easily soluble in acid, so it can be assumed that such mineral precipitates may have only limited, if any, protective effects [ 22]. Another possible influencing factor on the remineralization potential of toothpastes could be their pH value. However, the results of this study on Karex (micro-HAP) coincide with the results of an in vitro study on a nano-HAP-containing toothpaste (Biorepair; Kurt Wolff, Bielefeld, Germany) [ 27]. Formula: an oral care brand from Indonesia since 1984, it was owned by PT Ultra Prima Abadi company and marketed through OT consumer goods brand.