fraud risk – there are clear rules and duties of due diligence which must be adhered to when awarding purchasing contracts or other decisions (such as the awarding of grants). This must be considered at an early stage in the process of longlist analysis and the design of the proposal must take into account proportionate counter measures as set out in more detail in Annex 5. Where the likely effect is more substantial, then a straight forward and as far as possible, quantified and monetised analysis is required to appraise the effects, and to support judgments by decision makers in considering whether adaptation of the proposal or mitigation of its effects is possible, and to provide relevant options for the decision makers to consider. This provides a clear testable proposal that can be the subject of constructive challenge and review. Single point estimates at this stage would be misleading and inaccurate and objectively based confidence ranges should be used.

Updated with clarification around the schedule following the emergence of Delta variant, advice on cautions and contraindications, and co-administration advice. More evidence also added on vaccine effectiveness and mixed schedules. This chapter provides an overview of how appraisal fits within government decision making processes including the Policy Cycle, the Five Case Model and Impact Assessments. 3.1 Policy and Strategic Planning an Overview D'Alessandro, Anthony (January 27, 2018). " 'Glass' Leads Again At Weekend B.O., But Only A Handful Of Oscar Best Picture Noms Will See Boost". Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved January 27, 2019.

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The first step in appraisal is to provide the rationale for intervention, a process covered more fully in chapters 2 to 4 and in the business case guidance. Appraisal is a two-stage process, the first stage of which is the consideration of a longlist of option choices and the selection of a rational and viable set of options for shortlist analysis. The options framework and filter process used for longlist analysis and shortlist selection is explained in Chapter 4. The second stage in appraisal is shortlist analysis using social cost benefit analysis (CBA) or social cost effectiveness analysis is explained in Chapter 5.

The economic dimension is the analytical heart of a business case where detailed option development and selection through use of appraisal takes place. The economic dimension of the business case is driven by the SMART objectives and delivery of the business needs that are identified in the strategic case as explained in Chapter 4. It estimates the social value of different options at both the UK level and, where necessary on different parts of the UK or on groups of people within the UK. Where overseas development assistance is concerned the value to the recipient country is relevant. The potential for the proposal to cause significant unintended consequences should also be considered and where they are likely they must be taken into account

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There are different types of programmes, and the content of the supporting business case will be influenced by the nature of the change being delivered and the degree of analysis required. chapter 5 explains how to undertake detailed appraisal of a shortlist of options using social cost benefit and social cost effectiveness approaches, and distributional and sensitivity analysis and accounting for unquantifiable factors it provides the Green Book definition of public/social value for money Pond, Steve (November 14, 2018). " 'Green Book' Film Review: Viggo Mortensen and Mahershala Ali Take a Perilous Road Trip Through the Deep South". TheWrap . Retrieved November 22, 2018.